The Islamic Parties in Power Experience in Both Egypt and Turkey: A Political Economy Comparative Study as Stated by Michael Mann's Theory of " The Sources of Social Power"

The study aimed to compare between the experience of Turkish Justice and Development Party (JDP), and Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood in power, by using Mann's theory (1986, 1993) of social power, which depends on four power networks (Ideological, Economic, Political and Military networks) through applying this theory to the Turkish and Egyptian cases. It has been found out that the (JDP) has invested its control in the political network, particularly through its success in the elections, to penetrate and control the other power networks. It has achieved that by adapting its flexible ideology, which has contributed to the solution of many problems, the adoption of a foreign economic policy depending on exports, which has achieved many economic successes, and changing many laws that has led to limiting the military domination. On the other hand, the Muslim Brotherhood did not change its ideology, which led to the increasing division in the Egyptian society. Specifically, it began its rule in confrontation with the law enforcement, judiciary and military institutions, in addition to its failure in achieving any economic reforms, since the different sectors in the country collapsed, the budget deficit and indebtedness increased, not to mention the economic stagnation.