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Oleuropein Is Responsible for the Major Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Olive Leaf Extract

Authors: 
Qabaha Khaled
AL-Rimawi Fuad
Qasem Ahmad
Naser Saleh A.
Journal Name: 
Journal of Medicinal Food
Volume: 
0
Issue: 
0
Pages From: 
1
To: 
4
Date: 
Sunday, June 11, 2017
Keywords: 
gallic acid, OLE, oleuropein, olive leaf extract, phenolic compounds, TNFa
Abstract: 
Olive leaves are rich in polyphenolic compounds that are known to have antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antiinflammatory activities. Therefore, olive leaf extract (OLE) is considered as a natural supplement. In this study we evaluated the antibacterial and the anti-inflammatory effect of OLE and its individual phenolic components in vitro. Polymorphonuclear cells (PMNCs) were isolated from the whole blood using Histopaque solution and cultured in RPMI-enriched medium. Tumor necrosis factor a (TNFa) level was determined by ELISA after 24 h of lipopolysaccharide stimulation. The antibacterial activity of OLE was determined by well diffusion assay. We found a significant decrease in TNFa secretion level in PMNCs culture treated with OLE. Oleuropein is the only OLE component that has shown anti-inflammatory effects at a concentration of 20 lg/mL. Furthermore, OLE exhibited antibacterial activity against some gram positive bacterial strains; however, gram negative bacterial strains were resistant to OLE. Downregulation of TNFa secretion in PMNCs culture in response to OLE treatment indicates that this polyphenol-rich extract has an anti-inflammatory effect, and oleuropein is the major OLE component responsible for this effect. The antibacterial activity of OLE is limited to gram positive bacteria.